Europe is facing a huge wave of extreme heat, with several countries recording unusually high temperatures, issuing public health warnings, and taking measures to protect residents. For many people, summer heat may feel like part of the season, but this year’s conditions are proving to be far more serious than a typical hot spell.

French, Spanish, Italian, Belgian, Swiss and British authorities have warned that temperatures could reach dangerous levels, placing pressure on public health systems, transport networks, energy supply and everyday life. In some areas, public events have been canceled, schools have adjusted their schedules, and cities have opened cooling shelters to help residents stay safe.

France has been among the countries most severely affected, with several deaths reported during the heatwave, including elderly people and young children. Authorities are also warning about a rise in drowning incidents, as more people head to rivers, lakes, pools and beaches to escape the heat.

The situation highlights an important reality: extreme heat is not only uncomfortable, it can be deadly. High temperatures can lead to dehydration, heat exhaustion, heatstroke and accidents caused by people trying to escape the heat without taking the proper precautions.

Several parts of France have already seen temperatures climb above 40°C, while Spain has warned of extreme heat in areas including the Ebro Valley, inland regions and the Balearic Islands. Italy has placed major cities such as Rome, Florence, Bologna, Milan and Verona under its highest heat alert, while the U.K. has also warned of potentially record-breaking temperatures for this time of year.

The current heatwave is being driven by hot, dry air moving north from Africa and becoming trapped over parts of Europe. Meteorologists describe this kind of weather pattern as an “Omega block,” where a ridge of high pressure keeps hot air locked in place while cooler systems sit on either side.

While heatwaves have always existed, climate change is making them more frequent, more intense and more dangerous. Europe is warming faster than the global average, meaning that extreme temperatures are becoming a growing concern for governments, cities and residents alike.

The most important rule is simple: do not wait until you feel unwell to take precautions. Drink water regularly throughout the day, avoid alcohol, and always carry a water bottle when you leave the house.

Try to stay indoors during the hottest hours of the day, especially if you are planning on exercising or doing any other physically demanding activity. If you need to go outside, choose early morning or evening, stay in the shade, wear light and loose clothing, and use sunscreen or UV-protective clothing.

At home, keep curtains closed during the day and open windows at night when temperatures drop. Fans can help, but they should be used carefully when temperatures become extremely high, as they may simply circulate hot air.

Children and pets should never be left inside parked cars or closed spaces without ventilation. Parents should regularly check if children are thirsty, sweating, unusually tired, irritable or showing signs of overheating.

It is also important to swim safely. Choose supervised areas, pay attention to warning signs, and remember that water can still pose risks during a heatwave.

Heatwaves may be becoming part of Europe’s new climate reality, but preparation can reduce their impact. Checking on elderly relatives, staying hydrated, avoiding unnecessary exposure and recognizing the symptoms of heat stress can all make a real difference.

In a time when extreme weather is no longer rare, staying informed is not just useful. It is part of staying safe.