Situated at the crossroads between North Africa, the Middle East, and Eastern Europe, Cyprus has become a significant gateway for various forms of trade and tourism. Cyprus is Europe’s most Southeastern border. There are two sides to this coin to such an advantageous geographical position, and the down-side to this is the RoC’s lack of connectivity to mainland Europe.

Cyprus, as a member of the European Union (EU), has long faced challenges related to immigration. The Republic of Cyprus (RoC) can only control its borders that are under its sovereignty. Its proximity to regions facing political instability, economic hardships, and conflicts has led to a significant influx of migrants seeking refuge or better opportunities. In 2021, Cyprus recorded 27 migrants per 1,000 inhabitants, making it the third most impacted country in the EU by migration.

For example, aggressive climates in Africa have led migrants to the safety of the RoC’s shores, leading to a high, nearly unsustainable migrant arrival. GIS, an organization dedicated to fact-based and expertise-led reports, stated in a report that “on November 12, 2022, Cyprus, Malta, Greece, and Italy met again and issued a joint communique calling for more action from the rest of Europe to manage migration flows.

They argue that other EU member states continue to leave much of the problem to these four nations, whose place along the Mediterranean makes them the easiest destination for those leaving Africa.”

Another example is that of the political instability in the Middle East, and Cyprus’ proximity to the countries most affected making the island the easiest destination to reach. Between July and September of 2020, a report indicates that “at least 21 boats left Lebanon for Cyprus, according to statistics provided by the UN’s refugee agency, UNHCR. This compares to 17 in the whole of 2019.”

More recently, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has displaced its inhabitants and pushed them further West into Europe. Cyprus offers temporary protection status to those who fled, and, according to Eurostat, 15,275 non-EU citizens who fled Ukraine reside in Cyprus.

Cypriots have also been subjected to forced displacement due to the conflict in 1974, and inhabitants have a strong understanding of migrants’ needs. However, while the protection of individuals and innocents is part of what makes us human, it is also critical to be wary of those taking advantage of situations akin to those mentioned above.

During a high influx of immigrants, borders can become porous, and security can be weakened. To improve the status of borders and security, it is crucial to be well informed and to collaborate with other authorities. 

For these reasons, Cyprus has actively pursued integration into the Schengen Information System (SIS), a comprehensive security database used by Schengen Area member states to exchange information on border control, migration, and security. By becoming a part of this system, Cyprus aims to strengthen its border security, enhance information sharing, and harmonize its immigration policies with other EU member states.

The journey to joining the SIS has not been without its hurdles. Cyprus had to undergo a rigorous evaluation process, ensuring that its infrastructure, legislation, and data protection standards align with the requirements set by the European Commission. This involved bolstering border control measures, improving visa management systems, and enhancing data protection mechanisms to safeguard the privacy of individuals.

Cyprus' inclusion in the SIS carries wider implications not only for the country but also for the European Union as a whole. By joining the system, Cyprus reinforces the collective security of the Schengen Area, as any potential threats or risks detected within its borders can be promptly shared with other member states. This exchange of information enables a more coordinated response to transnational crimes, terrorism, and irregular migration.

The foundations of the EU are premised on the free movement of people, goods, and capital. Cyprus, being an isolated island, and yet a member of the EU, must initiate projects such as joining the SIS to embed itself further into the European family.

In the face of evolving migration patterns and global challenges, Cyprus' efforts to join the SIS serve as an example of proactive engagement and cooperation. As the country continues to navigate the complexities of today’s border management and immigration, it will be essential to maintain a comprehensive approach that addresses both the humanitarian aspects and security considerations.