Greece has made a historic move by legalizing same-sex marriage, becoming the first Orthodox Christian nation to do so, despite the Church's opposition. This decision was accompanied by the extension of equal parental rights to same-sex couples, including the possibility for them to adopt children. This legislation, which was passed by the Greek Parliament, signifies a significant shift in the country's stance on LGBTQ+ rights, diverging from its previous limitations that only recognized civil partnerships for same-sex couples without offering equal parental rights. Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis, who had committed to these reforms following his re-election, emphasized the importance of equal rights and the elimination of societal divisions based on sexual orientation, bringing Greece in line with over 30 other countries that have similar laws in place.

The new law not only recognizes same-sex marriages but also addresses various aspects of daily life for same-sex couples, particularly those with children. It grants them the legal right to perform routine parental duties, such as picking up their children from school or taking them to medical appointments. However, the legislation has its limitations; it does not extend rights to assisted reproduction or surrogacy for same-sex couples and excludes transgender individuals from parental rights. The passage of this law, despite opposition from various quarters including the powerful Orthodox Church and factions within Greek society, marks a substantial step towards inclusivity, with human rights advocates and members of the LGBTQ+ community celebrating it as a long-awaited victory for equality and social justice.

175 parliamentarians voted "yes" and 77 "no". The rest 48 abstained. Although the bill was introduced by the ruling New Democracy party, a third of its parliamentary group did not support it. Among the abstainers were four government members: State Minister Makis Voridis, Deputy Minister of Justice Giannis Bougas, Deputy Minister of Family Maria Kefala, and Deputy Minister of Rural Development Stavros Keletsis. The bill was eventually passed into law with the support of SYRIZA (despite two abstentions), PASOK (where a third of its members abstained), New Left (with two abstentions), and Plefsi Eleftherias. 

The enactment of this law has not been without controversy, facing resistance from the Communist Party of Greece, far right parties and religious groups who view it as a threat to conventional family structures. The Greek Orthodox Church, in particular, has been vocal in its opposition, expressing concerns about the implications for societal norms and the upbringing of children. Public opinion remains divided, with recent polls indicating a split in attitudes towards same-sex marriage and adoption rights.

The legalization of same-sex marriage in Greece, given its status as the first Orthodox Christian nation to make such a move, is indeed a historic and significant step. This decision could have various implications for Cyprus, considering its close ties and shared cultural and religious heritage with Greece.

1. Cultural and Social Influence: Greece's decision may serve as a powerful example for Cyprus, potentially influencing public opinion and policy-making in the country. Given the close cultural and historical connections between the two nations, changes in social attitudes in Greece could have a ripple effect in Cyprus, encouraging more open discussions and progressive attitudes towards LGBTQ+ rights.

2. Political Implications: The move by Greece could put pressure on Cypriot lawmakers to consider similar legislation, especially from human rights organizations, LGBTQ+ advocacy groups, and the European Union, which encourages its member states to uphold and advance human rights, including those of LGBTQ+ individuals.

3. Religious Considerations: Both Greece and Cyprus have significant Orthodox Christian populations, and the stance of the Orthodox Church on such matters is influential. The Greek Orthodox Church's opposition to the legislation highlights a potential challenge for similar moves in Cyprus. However, the successful passage of the law in Greece, despite such opposition, could empower advocates in Cyprus to push for change, arguing that faith and equal rights can coexist.

4. Legal and Policy Reforms: Cyprus might look to Greece's legislation as a model or benchmark for its own legal reforms concerning LGBTQ+ rights. This could include not only the legalization of same-sex marriage but also the extension of parental rights to same-sex couples, which is a notable aspect of the Greek law.

5. Public Opinion: Public reaction in Cyprus to Greece's legislation could be mixed, reflecting the divide seen in Greece. It could spark a broader debate within Cypriot society about LGBTQ+ rights, the definition of family, and the role of religion in public life.

6. International Image and Tourism: Both Greece and Cyprus are popular tourist destinations. Greece's decision to legalize same-sex marriage could enhance its image as a progressive and inclusive destination. Cyprus might follow suit to not only align with its neighbor but also to appeal to a broader international audience.

Greece's landmark decision could act as a catalyst for change in Cyprus, prompting discussions and potential reforms related to LGBTQ+ rights. However, the extent of this influence would depend on various factors, including public opinion, the stance of religious institutions, and political will within Cyprus.